Biomedical Biology

This is an introductory course that addresses selected topics in biology as applied to prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cell biology, genetics, respiration, photosynthesis, evolution and ecology are discussed. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of higher plants and animals with special emphasis on structure and function. Botanical topics include plant anatomy, reproduction, water relations, mineral nutrition, and control of growth and development. The zoological component includes the anatomy and physiology of animal tissues, organs and systems, and their functional integration. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of chemistry. Topics include atomic and molecular structure, nuclear chemistry, stoichiometry, the periodic table and periodicity, and the properties of solutions. PREREQ: Grade 12U level chemistry or CHMI 1041 or permission of the department. (lec 3, tut 1, lab 2) cr 3.

This course is a continuation of CHMI 1006. Topics include thermochemistry, chemical thermodynamics, kinetics, chemical equilibrium, acid-base chemistry, buffer solutions, electrochemistry and introductory organic chemistry. PREREQ: CHMI 1006 or 1041 (min. 80%). (lec 3, tut 1, lab 3) cr 3.

This is a problem-solving course which includes an extensive treatment of differential calculus and an introduction to integral calculus. Topics include limits, continuity, differentiation, standard functions, Taylor polynomial approximation, indeterminate forms and Hospital's rules, and practical applications. The course concludes with summation, integration, techniques of integration and the calculation of areas and volumes. PREREQ: Grade 12 4U Advanced Functions (minimum 60%), MATH 1912 or equivalent. (lec 3, tut 1) cr 3.

This course begins with further techniques of integration, approximate integration, improper integrals and techniques for solving some simple first-order differential equations. This is followed by parametric and polar curves, and calculations of arc length, surface area and volume. Sequences, series, power series and Taylor series are then introduced. The course concludes with elementary aspects of functions of several variables. PREREQ: MATH 1036. (lec 3, tut 1) cr 3.

Topics include simultaneous linear equations, matrices and determinants, vector spaces and linear transformations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, applications to analytic geometry, and complex numbers. PREREQ: grade 12 4U finite mathematics or algebra, or MATH 1911 or equivalent. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course introduces physics concepts with emphasis on biological and clinical applications. Topics include mechanics, energy, work and heat, fluids, and vibrations. Specific biological and clinical applications include animal and human locomotion, hypo and hyperthermia, blood and air flow, and human and mammalian hearing. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both PHYS 1206 and PHYS 1006.

This course covers electric, magnetic, optical, and atomic phenomena as applied to the biological and clinical sciences. Topics include electric force and field, electric potential and potential energy, electric current, electromagnetic waves, geometric optics, atomic and nuclear physics, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, and MRI. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. PREREQ: PHYS 1206 Students may not retain credit for both PHYS 1207 and PHYS 1007.

This course is an introduction to the field of microbiology, with emphasis on the bacteria. Topics include classificatiion, morphology and structure, and physiology and growth of microorganisms. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507 or grade 12U level Biology for non-Science students. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for BIOL 2026 and either BIOL 2110, BIOL 2111 or BIOL 3025.

This course describes human anatomy and physiology at the cellular, tissue, organ and system levels of organization. It concentrates on the clinical applications of anatomy and physiology. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 6. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2105 and any of BIOL 1700, BIOL 2107, BIOL 2701, PHED 1506/7.

This course introduces molecular, structural and functional organization in both prokaryotic and eucaryotic cells. Topics include chemical composition of cells, plasma membrane, cell surface, cytoplasmic membranes, mitochondria and respiration, chloroplasts and photosynthesis, cytoskeleton, nucleus, cell division, DNA replication, and protein synthesis. PREREQ: BIOL 1506. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course introduces the structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids. Topics include protein structure and function, nucleic acid chemistry, DNA and its replication, the genetic code and protein synthesis, regulation of gene expression, cloning and gene isolation, DNA sequencing, and enzyme kinetics. PREREQ: CHMI 2426. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course presents an introduction to organic chemistry. Topics include structure and bonding, nomenclature, stereochemistry, and an introduction to the chemistry of a few classes of organic compounds. PREREQ: CHMI 1006/7. (lec 3, lab 3, tut 1) cr 3.

This course provides an introduction to basic statistical concepts and techniques that are common to all disciplines in the social sciences. The principal topics include: data collection and description, the characteristics and features of the normal probability distribution, the formulation and testing of hypotheses, linear correlation and regression analyses. (lec 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both STAT 2126 and STAT 1056, or any other introductory statistics course.

The organization of data, discrete distributions (binominal, Poisson), continuous distributions (uniform, normal and skewed), and linear combinations of variables are studied. The techniques of hypothesis testing and interval estimation are applied to problems involving means, variances, proportions, frequency tables, regression, and correlation. Students are introduced to the use of statistical computer software. PREREQ: MATH 1036. (lec 3, tut 1) cr 3. Students may only retain credit for one of STAT 2246, STAT 2126, STAT 2066, MATH 2261, MATH 2236, MATH 2246, or ENGR 2017.

This course examines photosynthetic organisms based on their evolutionary relations, life history, morphology, ecology, and importance in the biosphere. Groups covered include cyanobacteria, major algal groups, bryophytes, ferns and allies, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, with emphasis on representatives in Northern Ontario. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3.

This course introduces the rich variety of animals that exist or have existed on Earth. The evolution of animal phyla is examined from the earliest single-celled organisms to complex multicellular animals. Emphasis is placed on the most species-rich phyla. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course includes a detailed investigation of the reactions of hydrocarbons and monofunctional organic compounds. The factors which affect these reactions are also discussed. PREREQ: CHMI 2426. (lec 3, lab 3, tut 1) cr 3.

This course introduces Mendelian inheritance, chromosomes, and the chemical basis of heredity, linkage, and crossing over. Topics include variations in chromosome structure and number, mutation, the structure and function of genes, and the use of statistics in the genetic analysis of quantitative characters. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2007 and either BIOL 2011 or BIOL 3017.

This course is a study of the ecosystem concept; biogeo-chemical cycles; ecological energetics; and the organization and dynamics of biotic communities. It examines the ecology and humans; the food chain, demography, and epidemiology. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course deals with the interaction of brain and gonadal hormones in reproductive physiology and behaviour. The biology of sexual response and problems are discussed. PREREQ: BIOL 1700 or 1506/7 or permission of the instructor. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course is a comparative examination of the important features of the structure and functioning of the chordates with emphasis on the vertebrates and their evolutionary relationships. Course includes laboratory study of the anatomy of selected vertebrates. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2706 and BIOL 2705.

In this course, the structure, properties and importance of the following classes of natural products will be discussed: amino acids, peptides and proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, terpenes, steroids, alkaoids and flavonoids. The structure and importance of some enzymes, vitamins and hormones will also be presented. The course will also include an introduction to metabolism and biological energy production. PREREQ: CHMI 1032 or equivalent cr 3. This course is not a credit course for students enrolled in a Chemistry or Biochemistry program.

This course explores ethical issues concerning our relationship to the environment. Do nature and the environment have ethical standing? Can we defend an environmental ethic that extends our moral and legal obligations beyond members of the human species, to include animals, plants and whole ecosystems? Ethical theories will be considered with respect to current social and political issues on nature and the environment (eg global warming. sustainability, pesticide use, animal rights, and corporate agriculture). (lec 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both PHIL 2217 and PHIL 2215.

This course covers the physics of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations encountered in medicine, including their production, their interactions with matter, and their detection. Emphasis is placed on the clinical use of X-rays, gamma rays, particles such as electrons and protons and the calculation of the associated absorbed dose as the clinical relevant parameter. PREREQ: MATH 1036, PHYS 1006/7 or PHYS 1206/7 or PHYS 1211/1212 or equivalent. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course begins with an introduction to random motions of molecules leading to a discussion of the physics of gas exchange in the processes of respiration. The response of the body to changes of external pressure are studied from a physical point of view. The transport of pollutants and their physical effects on the body are discussed. The course also examines various aspects of static pressure in the human body and the physics of blood circulation including laminar, turbulent and viscous flows. Other topics such as capillarity, surface tension, and the role of surfactants are discussed. PREREQ: PHYS 1006/7 or PHYS 1206/7 or PHYS 1211/12 or equivalent. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course examines the nature of sound and the factors affecting its propagation with the ultimate goal of studying the production of sound (speech) and its detection (hearing) in humans. The course also studies the eye as an optical instrument, first as a sensor (with all its imperfections) gathering the light, then as a converter of light into electrical signals leading to the interpretation of images by the brain. Various defects of the eye, as well as their treatment, are also discussed. PREREQ: PHYS 1006/7 or PHYS 1206/7 or PHYS 1211/12 or equivalent. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course introduces the general relationships between human brain and human behaviour. Human behaviour, including sleep, dreams, memory, thought, motivation, and emotion are discussed in terms of brain structure, chemistry and electrical activity. Both known facts and realistic possibilities of brain function are considered. Some emphasis is placed on the contribution of psychological (and social) factors to brain structure, physiology, and human disease. A general introduction to psychopharmacology is offered. Prior high school courses in biology and chemistry are helpful. PREREQ: PSYC 1105 or 1st-year science course (preferably chemistry or biology). Students cannot retain credit for both NSCI 2606 and PSYC 2606. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines normal behavioural and psychological correlates of the human brain. Pathological behaviours following trauma to different brain regions are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the neurological aspects of psychosis, epilepsy, genetic disorders, and demyelinating diseases. Diagnostic tests, simple neurological evaluations, and phylo-genetic comparisons of brain function are considered. The student is expected to have a fair understanding of brain nomenclature. PREREQ: PSYC 2606. Students cannot retain credit for both NSCI 2617 and PSYC 2617. (lec 2, lab 1) cr 3.

This course provides an introduction to the study of human evolution within a biocultural framework. It includes a discussion of relevant evolutionary theory and fossil record, palaeoprimatology and primatology (the study of non-human primates), and palaeoanthropology (the hominid fossil record and its interpretation). Integrated laboratory sessions and/or practical internet assignments acquaint students with the research methods and techniques in this area of physical/biological anthropology. PREREQ: ANTR 1006 & 1007 or instructor's permission. (lec 2, lab 1) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both ANTR 2017 and ANTR 2015.

This course is an introduction to the study of human variation within a biocultural and health framework. The course examines genetics, geographic distribution of human traits, growth and development, sexually linked variation, physiological adaptations to the environment, aging, demography, epidemiological anthropology, and applied biological anthropology. Integrated laboratory sessions familiarize students with the research methods and techniques in this area of study. Prereq.: Minimum 18 university credits or permission of the instructor. (lec 2, lab 1) 3 cr.

This course examines the nature of scientific inquiry; biological philosophy and classic biological experiments; the modern research problem; experimental design and analysis; interpretation of results; and presentation of results for publication. It involves searches in scientific journals and abstracts. Students must have knowledge of basic statistical methods. PREREQ: STAT 2126 or STAT 2246 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab/tut/sem 1) cr 3.

This course explores the principles of medical microbiology. Topics include resistance and immunity, and infectious diseases of the genitourinary tract, respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin. Causative agents, symptomology, chemotherapy, and the possibilities of immunization are addressed. PREREQ: BIOL 2026 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3117 and BIOL 2110.

The focus of this course is the histology of humans and other mammals. The morphology of the four tissue types will be examined at multiple scales ranging from the molecular to whole organ levels.An introduction to histotechniques will be included. PREREQ: BIOL 2105, BIOL 2706 or permission of instructor. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines the physiology of the major organ systems of the vertebrate body. Emphasis is placed on the principles and mechanisms underlying the maintenance of internal homeostasis. PREREQ: BIOL 2105 or BIOL 2706 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course introduces the basic and applied concepts of environmental microbiology. Topics include microbial metabolism, physiology, applied microbial genetics and industrial biology. PREREQ: BIOL 2026. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3026 and BIOL 3025.

This course examines the importance of plants and their products to the health of humankind. Special attention is given to plant substances of pharmacological interest, including medicinal drugs derived from roots, bark, leaves and flowers. The importance of plants as agents of illness and disease (including allergies and favism) will also be discussed. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, exp/sem 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of morphology, life histories and taxonomy of a range of fungi. Techniques used for isolation and culture are studied. It considers the physiology and biology of fungi. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course will cover advanced concepts in genome structure and function. The topics to be covered include DNA structure, structure of chromatin, unique and repetitive sequences in genomic DNA, DNA replication, repair and recombination and the control of gene expression. PREREQ or COREQ: CHMI 3226. Accepted as a credit towards a program in Biology. Students may not retain credit for both CHMI 3217 and CHMI 4216. Lecture (3.00). Equivalent to CHMI-4216FL, CHMI-4216EL, CHMI-4216EL, CHMI-4216FL. Prerequisites: take CHMI-2227EL.

Topics include: intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids; regulation of metabolism; membrane structure and functions; transmembrane signalling and photosynthesis. PREREQ: CHMI 2227 & CHMI 2427 or 2425. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3 Lecture (3.00). Equivalent to CHMI-3226FL, CHMI-3226EA.

Explores the basic concepts of medicinal chemistry. An understanding of structure and stereochemistry and of chirality and drug design is developed. Drug activity is discussed in general terms of structure-activity relationships such as observed in the interaction of enzymes with substrates and inhibitors, and receptors with agonists and antagonists. Selective drugs and their mode of action include sulfa drugs, B-lactam antibiotics, agents to control Parkinson?s disease and anticancer drugs. PREREQ: CHMI 2427 and 2227. (lec 3) cr 3 Lecture (3.00).

This interdisciplinary course provides an introduction to the concepts and mechanisms of disease processes as they arise from disturbances of normal biochemical and physiological functions. Basic pathogenic mechanisms are illustrated using specific diseases and clinical conditions in a patient-centred model of interdisciplinary health care. The course stresses a team approach to patient care and will integrate learners from different professional disciplines in the exploration of a variety of episodic and complex health challenges from an individual, family and community perspective, cultivating a beginning understanding of interprofessional practice. PREREQ: BIOL 2105 (or equivalent); CHMI 1007 or CHMI 2220. (lec and tut/lab 3) cr 3.

This course provides an in-depth study of the radiobiological effects of ionizing radiation at the molecular, cellular, tissue and whole body-level. Topics include radiation effects in normal and malignant cell populations and tumour biology, radiation effects on tumours and probability of tumour recurrence, models of radiation cell survival, dose effects and therapeutic ratio, effects of total body irradiation, late effects of radiation, and normal tissue tolerance. The radiation protection portion of the course explores sources of radioactivity, radiation hazards, dose limitations and risks, administration and organization of radiation protection regulations, proper radiation protection practices, and personal and area monitoring for radiation exposure. PREREQ: PHYS 2506. (lec 3) cr 3. Crosslisted with RADS 3306. Students may not retain credit for both PHYS 3306 and RADS 3306.

This course describes how X-rays are used for medical imaging. The basic theory of detection and diagnosis is covered. Various imaging modalities are reviewed including conventional and digital radiography, fluoroscopy, portal imaging, computed tomography, SPECT, PET, ultrasound, and MRI. General treatment of image quality assessment and enhancement techniques are also discussed. PREREQ: PHYS 2506. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course covers in detail the concepts underlying planning and delivery of irradiation treatment of patients with cancer. The models used to calculate the dose distributions within the patient for single and multiple beam treatments are presented. Advanced radiation therapy technologies are also studied. PREREQ: PHYS 2506. (lec 3) cr 3.

The physics of lasers, of light interaction with biological tissues, and of applications of lasers to diagnostic and therapeutic techniques is studied. The course includes a study of the fibre optics fabrication, physical properties, and various applications in the health sciences. PREREQ: PHYS 1006/7 or PHYS 1206/7 or PHYS 1211/12 or equivalent (lec 3) cr 3.

A detailed description and evaluation of drugs that influence human behaviour. Although the greatest emphasis is upon the biochemical mechanisms and psychological effects of drugs used within clinical settings, all major pharmacological classes are covered. Since prediction of drug effects requires an understanding of chemical pathways and their location within the human brain, the student should have a basic understanding of chemistry and neuroanatomy. PREREQ: PSYC 2606 and 2617 or permission of the department. (lec 3) cr 3. Students cannot retain credit for both NSCI 3506 and PSYC 3506.

A precise study of neuroanatomical details, neurochemistry and neuroelectricity. Comparisons of human and rat brains are discussed in terms of both gross and specific behavioural patterns. Emphasis is placed on acquiring sufficient information to allow a more profound and versatile prediction of normal and abnormal human behaviour. PREREQ: PSYC 2606 and BIOL 1700 or 1506/7, or permission of the department. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students cannot retain credit for both NSCI 3507 and PSYC 3507.

This course presents the normal anatomy of the human skeleton, including metrical and morphological variation. Basic analytical techniques used by osteologists, forensic anthropologists and archaeologists are discussed within this context. PREREQ: ANTR 2016/2017 or instructor's permission. (lec 2, lab 1) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both ANTR 3036 and either FORS 3036 or ANTR 2105.

This course examines human environment interactions in time and space from an anthropological perspective, and reviews the advantages and limitations of the ecosystem approach as previously and presently applied to human studies. Human behaviour and how it has evolved are studied using models such as optimal foraging strategy, population regulation, carrying capacity and bioenergetics. Contemporary approaches in environmental anthropology are discussed within the context of past human ecological studies. PREREQ: 9 ANTR credits or permission of the instructor. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course addresses the essentials of public health and epidemiology. from a multidisciplinary, systems perspective. The course considers The approach is multidisciplinary and from a systems perspective, considering biotic, abiotic and socio-cultural determinants of health and sickness. The focus is applied, with emphasis on evidence-based critical analysis, prevention and clinical practice. (lec 3) cr 3. Prerequisites: 18 University credits.

This course addresses medical anthropology as well as a critical anthropological analysis of "mainstream Western medicine" (biomedicine) and its role within contemporary society. The focus is on a cross-cultural understanding of health and health care practices (lec 3) cr 3. Prerequisites: 18 university credits. Students may not retain credit for both ANTR 3086 and ANTR 3085.

This course covers a worldwide healing traditions, approaches and diagnostic modalities of "mainstream" and "complementary and alternative medicine". Empirical, theoretical and traditional ideas about healing are examined from a comparative and integrative perspective. Case studies of various healing traditions are considered (e.g., Ayurveda, Chinese medicine, Indigenous, Western biomedicine, Western complementary and alternative medicine). Prerequisites: 18 University credits. Students may not retain credit for both INDI 3087 and ANTR 3087 or ANTR 3085.

The anatomy of the human skeleton, including the normal range of metrical and morphological variation, is presented in the context of forensic medicine. PREREQ: BIOL 2105. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both FORS 3036 and ANTR 3036. Lecture (3.00).

This course covers the principles of evolutionary biology and human evolutionary history. It also addresses topics that document the importance of evolution in developing medical hypotheses including disease and host-pathogen coevolution, the evolutionary biology of cancer, and the mismatch hypothesis for human health. Prerequisites: BIOL 1506/E/F, BIOL 1700 or ANTR 2016E or permission of the instructor. (lec 3, sem 3) cr 3.

This course is designed for students enrolled in a science program to gain practical experience in their field of study. The placement must be approved by the course instructor. (exp 3) 3cr. PREREQ: Having completed at least 60 cr of a Bachelor of Science degree. Students cannot use their NATS 4005 lab experience to satisfy the requirements for NATS 3206.

This course focuses on the description and evaluation of drugs that influence human behaviour. The course emphasizes thebiochemical mechanisms and psychological effects of drugs used within clinical settings, although all major pharmacological classes are covered. PREREQ: NSCI/PSYC 2606 & NSCI/PSYC2617 or dept.'s permission. (lec 3, lab 1) cr 3. Students cannot retain credit for both NSCI 3506 and PSYC 3506.

This course examines the developmental biology of vertebrates using amphibians, fish, birds, and mammals as models. Emphasis is placed on fertilization, blastulation, gastrulation, neurulation, and subsequent development. PREREQ: BIOL 2105 or BIOL 2706. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course consists of a major study of the literature on a specific biological topic, under the supervision of one or more faculty members. The subject of the study is chosen in consultation with the coordinator and supervisor(s). The results of the study are presented as a major essay in the form of a review paper. (exp 6) cr 3. Available only to 4th-year students of the specialized program. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 4017 and BIOL 4035.

This course gives students experience in planning, executing and reporting upon a biological research project and is especially appropriate for students planning further studies or a career as a research scientist. The research topic is chosen in consultation with a faculty member, who must agree to supervise the student's research (consultation preferably occurs in the spring/summer of the calendar year in which the research is to begin). The student presents both a seminar and a thesis based on the research. It also includes instruction on selected topics in science, with particular reference to methodology in research, the preparation of reports, theses and papers for publication, and the preparation and presentation of seminars. PREREQ: BIOL 3327 and a minimum 75% average in all BIOL courses. cr 6. Available only to 4th-year students of the specialized program. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 4035 and BIOL 4017.

This course examines the biodiversity of fungi with emphasis on pathogenic species. Topics include types of mycoses, symptoms and mode of infection in humans, and prognosis and treatment of fungal-related illnesses. It also examines the fungal mode of nutrition and metabolism, and the physiology of mycotoxin production. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course is an introduction to the study of animal behaviour with emphasis on the ethological approach. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. This course fulfills a requirement for an elective in a psychology concentration, major, or specialization.

This course is a study of the ecophysiological aspects of animal life and the principles of adaptation. It includes an examination of the physiological responses of vertebrates to such environmental factors as temperature, light, drought, humidity, salinity, atmospheric pressure, oxygen levels, etc. and explores those strategies which allow vertebrates to adapt to rigorous climatic conditions and selected environmental habitats. PREREQ: BIOL 3756 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

Ce cours discute des techniques et des théories avancées de génétique moléculaire, de cytogénétique, de l'évolution et de la génétique des populations chez différents organismes. Préalable : BIOL 2007. (3 h) 3 cr.

Ce cours familiarisera l'étudiante et l'étudiant à l'utilisation des outils de la bioinformatique dans l'étude des génomes et protéomes. Parmi les sujets traités, on retrouvera le séquençage et l'annotation des génomes, la caractérisation des protéomes, les méthodes de comparison de séquences et d'analyse phylogénétique, les méthodes prédictives d'analyse de séquences d'acides nucléiques et de protéines, l'analyse comparative d'expression de gènes, la génomique fonctionnelle. Préalable : CHMI 3217. (3 h) 3 cr. On ne peut obtenir de crédits à la fois pour CHMI 4206 et CHMI 3206.

A discussion of the structure and function of membrane systems, such as myelin, plasma, mitochondrial, chloroplast and bacterial membranes. Examines the dynamic aspects associated with membranes such as transport of ions and metabolites, the transduction of energy and receptor-effector interactions. PREREQ: CHMI 3226. (lec 3) cr 3 Lecture (3.00). Equivalent to CHMI-4217FL.

This course is an introduction to several of the modern laboratory techniques involved in the manipulation of the DNA molecule. The following topics will be discussed: complimentary DNA and genomic library screening; PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology; site-directed mutagenesis; DNAse footprinting procedure; transgenic and knock-out mice; in-vitro and in-vivo expression of specific proteins; cloning hereditary disease-causing genes; recombinant DNA and its commercial applications. PREREQ: CHMI 3217 (lec 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both CHMI 4226 and CHMI 3216. Lecture (3.00). Equivalent to CHMI-3216FL, CHMI-4226FL.

Examines the biochemical principles and cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to the manifestation of toxicity caused by drugs and environmental chemicals with emphasis on potential routes of uptake, the enzymes which catalyze biotransformation of xenobiotics, storage and elimination. The chemical reactivity, enzymatic induction and inhibition, the role of the cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidase system in the deactivation and bioactivation of xenobiotics and glutathione conjugation are also presented. Topics include: reproductive toxicology and teratology, developmental toxicology, carcinogenesis, genotoxicity and mutagenesis, immunotoxiocology, neurotoxicology, environmental toxicology, clinical and regulatory toxicology, human health and ecotoxicological risk assessments. Selected classes of compounds and their exposure routes, mechanisms of toxicity, fate, toxicologic sequelae and their antidotes are considered in depth. PREREQ: CHMI 3226. (lec 3) cr 3 Lecture (3.00).

An introduction to the molecular aspects of the immune response. Topics include: structure, synthesis and function of antibodies, the nature of the antibody/antigen interaction, structure of the antigen receptors and of the MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules, structure of the major cytokines and their receptors, and major molecular events involved in immune response. PREREQ: CHMI 3226 (may be taken concurrently). (lec 3) cr 3 Lecture (3.00). Equivalent to CHMI-4297FL.

This course examines the evolutionary, cultural and historical reasons for dietary choices and their relation to disease patterns and approaches to addressing contemporary nutritional problems. Prerequisites : 30 University credits.

This course examines the prehistoric and historic roots of medicine and health. Topics include paleopathology, epidemiological transitions, diseases of colonization,the history of major epidemics and public health, and emergent and re-emergent diseases. Prerequisites: 30 University credits.

This course examines the human endocrine system, with in depth discussion of the major endocrine glands. The pathology of endocrine disorders is presented and discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the causes, treatments and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes, obesity and metabolic diseases. Prerequisite BIOL 2126EL and BIOL2105EL. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course provides students with an understanding of the molecular events underlying a number of common human diseases. The topics include: metabolic diseases, cancer, pathologies of the hematopoietic, nervous and muscular systems, and congenital diseases. The course also includes an introduction to clinical biochemistry, and a description of novel molecular-based approaches to therapy. Prereq: CHMI 3226. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course covers tract systems and nuclear groups of the brain in conjunction with their functions and as an outline reference for topographic brain chemistry. Normal and abnormal behaviours are examined in terms of the neuroanatomical structures. PREREQ: NSCI/PSYC 3507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students cannot retain credit for both NSCI 4706 and PSYC 4706.